| 摘要: |
| “窑房同构”的营造方式，包括“窑
上建窑”“窑上建房”“窑前建房”“窑顶檐
厦”“无梁结构”和“窑脸仿木”六种营造做
法，是晋系古建筑典型的技术方式，在山西各
地均有发现。其中，“窑上建房”的技术现象
非常普遍，广泛应用于楼阁、殿堂和民居建
筑中。“窑上建房”技术历史悠久，是晋系古
建筑典型的地方做法之一，坚固经济，因境而
成，空间布局灵活，适应平地、山地等复杂多
样的自然地理环境，蕴含深厚的人居智慧。
明初创造的硬山顶形式，被广泛应用于山西
古建筑中。硬山顶采用墙体承重的砖木混合
结构体系，其山墙可与筒拱的边墙上下对齐，
而不做任何收分，为窑上建房创造了条件，促
进了窑房同构技术的发展。 |
| 关键词: 晋系古建筑 窑房同构 窑上建房 营造技术 人居智慧 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20170612 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（50778117） |
|
| Analysis on the Construction Technology of Buildings on Cave of the Ancient Architecture of JinGenres |
|
WANG zhanyong,ZHAO hui,WANG Jinping
|
| Abstract: |
| The ways to create the isomorphism between cave and building include the six kinds
of isomorphism ways: cave build on cave, buildings on cave, buildings in front of cave, the
cave eaves, no beam structure and imitation wood cave face, which are the typical technology
forms of ancient buildings of Shanxi and could be found in all parts of Shanxi. Among them,
the technology of buildings on cave is widely applied in the pavilion, palace and vernacular
dwellings. The technology of buildings on cave is one of the typical technologies of ancient
buildings in Shanxi, and has a centuries-old history and is one of the typical technologies of
ancient buildings in Shanxi. The technology is solid and economical, constructed on mountain
terrain, having f lexible spatial layout, adapting to the complex and diverse physical and
geographical environment, such as fl at land and mountainous areas. The Yingshan Roof, created
in the early Ming Dynasty, is widely used in ancient buildings in Shanxi. The construction
technology is a kind of brick-wood mixed structure system with wall load-bearing. The
gable wall and arched side wall are aligned, and do not have any batter of wall. This kind of
technology creates the conditions for buildings on cave, and promotes the development of the
isomorphism technology between cave and building. |
| Key words: Ancient Architecture of Jin Genres Isomorphism Between Cave and Building Buildings on Cave Building Technology Human Habitat Wisdom |
