| 摘要: |
| 林盘是川西平原上最重要的传统
型农村聚落单元，同时也是兼具重要生态
价值和美学价值的乡村景观。林盘改善着
居住的微气候环境，满足了当地居民的气候
需求，然而，其生态价值却一直为研究者所
忽视。因此，本文对成都市郫县三道堰镇
12个郁闭度相似的林盘样地开展了冬季微
气候（光照、风速、温度和空气相对湿度）
的研究。12个林盘按照骨干乔木的分布方
式被划分为环绕、居中、单边和零散4种类
型。同时在林盘的外部、边缘及中部选择
测量点进行测量，对比分析得出了林盘冬
季微气候变化的趋势和规律，并比较了不
同面积与植物分布类型对林盘冬季微气候
的影响。结果表明：林盘内外温差会随着林
盘面积的增大而变小，相关性分析表明三组
温差（△T1=T外-T边，△T2= T边-T中，△T3=
T外-T中）都与林盘面积呈强负相关关系；零
散分布型林盘保温效果最明显；光照强度
基本呈现出I外>I边>I中的趋势；光照强度与
林盘面积的变化无相关性，而是受到乔木
冠层郁闭度和群落垂直结构的影响；风速
基本上呈现出W外>W边>W中的现状，零散型防风效果最好、单侧型最差；空气相对湿度基本
上呈现出H边≥H中>H外的状况，并与林盘面积呈现正相关关系，同时植物零散分布型内外相
对湿度差最大，增湿效果最明显。本研究期望能为林盘保护提供基础的数据，并为营造生态
可持续的四川地域性景观提供灵感。 |
| 关键词: 林盘 植物 面积 微气候 冬季 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20160618 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Research on Winter Microclimate of Linpan in Western Sichuan Province |
|
PU Dehua,LIU Meiling
|
| Abstract: |
| Linpan is the most important and traditional rural settlement in Chengdu
plain, which is also a beautiful rural landscape. Linpan improves the microclimate of
living environment, and meets the needs of local residents. However, the ecological
value of Linpan has been ignored so far. In this paper, the microclimate (illumination,
wind speed, temperature and air relative humidity) of 12 Linpan samples located in
Sandaoyan Town with the similar canopy density, was measured in winter. These
samples were divided into four modes (around, middle, unilateral and scat ter),
according to the dist r ibut ion mode of the woody. Meanwhile, the measurement
points were selected at the outside, edge and center part of the Linpan. The effects
of different size of Linpan and modes of plant distribution on the microclimate were
analyzed and compared. The results showed that the temperature difference between
the outside and inside of the Linpan would become smaller along with the increasing
area. The cor relation analysis showed that three groups of temperature difference
(△T1=To-Te, △T2=Te-Tc, △T3=To-Tc) were showed a strong negative correlation with
the area of Linpan. The heat preservation effect of the scatter mode was the most
outstanding. In this study, illumination intensity showed a trend of Io>Ie>Ic. There was
no correlation between the area and illumination intensity which was only affected by
the canopy density and the vertical structure of plant community. Wind speed was also
presented the situation of Wo>We>Wc, and the the scatter mode supplied the optimal
capacity of preventing wind, while the unilateral mode was the worst. The relative
humidity was observed the trend of He≥Hc>Ho, and it revealed a positive correlation
wit h the area. Moreover, the scat ter mode which showed the highest humidity
difference was identified to produce the effect of increasing humidity. This study was
not only expected to provide the basis microclimate data for Linpan protection, but
also to provide inspiration for creating regional landscape. |
| Key words: Linpan Plant Area Microclimate Winter |
