| 摘要: |
| 在城市更新引发“环境改善—居民置换”绅士化困境的背景下，传统规划手段往往难以触及土地增值分配的制度根源。社区土地信托（CLT）通过构建“土地公有（社区所有）+房屋私有”的双重产权结构，试图从源头阻断资本对空间价值的无序掠夺。研究引入城市政治生态学与租隙理论视角，剖析绅士化的资本积累逻辑；并选取波士顿达德利街与加州尔湾为典型样本，深层透视“存量修复—自下而上抗争”与“增量预防—自上而下嵌入”两类CLT模式的差异化治理效能。结果表明，CLT通过锁定地租、增值收益社会化及民主治理，有效平衡了环境品质与社会包容；但其实施亦面临规模化受限与融资依赖等结构性张力。最后，立足我国土地公有制优势，提出超越西方形式模仿，优先利用集体建设用地入市政策，构建包含“资产托管—增值封闭循环—混合治理”在内的“社区统筹型土地增值共享机制”，为实现兼顾效率与公平的高质量城市更新提供制度支撑。 |
| 关键词: 反绅士化 社区土地信托 空间正义 租隙理论 政策创新 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU985 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金一般项目（24BMZ057） |
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| Community Land Trusts (CLT) under 'Anti-Gentrification': International Experiences and Policy Implications for China |
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chenxi, wangjingsong, mayanhong
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Dalian University of Technology
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| Abstract: |
| Against the backdrop of the "environmental improvement—resident displacement" gentrification dilemma triggered by urban renewal, conventional planning instruments often fail to address the institutional root of land value increment distribution. The Community Land Trust (CLT), by establishing a dual-tenure structure of community-owned land and private-owned housing, attempts to fundamentally block the disorderly plundering of spatial value by capital. This study introduces the perspectives of urban political ecology and rent gap theory to analyze the capital accumulation logic of gentrification. It selects Dudley Street in Boston and Irvine in California as typical cases, deeply scrutinizing the differentiated governance effectiveness of two CLT models: "stock remediation—bottom-up resistance" and "incremental prevention—top-down embedding." The results show that CLT effectively balances environmental quality and social inclusion through land rent stewardship, socialization of value increment, and democratic governance. However, its implementation also faces structural tensions such as limited scaling up and financing dependence. Finally, capitalizing on the advantage of China's public land ownership system, the paper proposes moving beyond formal Western imitation. It suggests prioritizing the policy utilization of collective construction land entering the market to construct a "Community-Coordinated Land Value Increment Sharing Mechanism," which includes "asset trusteeship—closed-loop value increment—hybrid governance," thereby providing institutional support for high-quality urban renewal that balances efficiency and equity. |
| Key words: Biophilic Urbanism Green Gentrification Spatial Justice Community Land Trust (CLT) Policy Innovation Urban Planning |
