| 摘要: |
| 就医出行是残障群体的刚需出行，无障碍环境的缺失不仅剥夺了其平等获取医疗资源的机会，更加剧了其健康脆弱性与社会边缘化风险。基于2601份北京市下肢障碍者就医出行问卷与无障碍医疗设施及无障碍公交站点空间数据，本文构建“出行行为识别—空间覆盖评估—影响机制分析”的分析框架，探讨其就医出行特征与影响因素。结果表明，下肢障碍群体就医出行具有高刚性和中长距离特征，受年龄、残障程度等个体因素及出行方式偏好显著影响，且频率与距离存在明显城郊差异。空间分析显示，北京市无障碍公共医疗设施分布呈“中心—边缘”格局，四环以外公交站点与医疗设施衔接不足，导致郊区群体出行受限。回归检验进一步验证了个体与环境因素对下肢障碍群体就医出行的复杂作用机制，显示出设施空间布局和公共交通衔接的重要性。研究建议优化基层医疗设施供给，完善“公共交通—医疗机构”衔接，缩小城郊医疗服务可达性差距。 |
| 关键词: 下肢障碍群体 就医出行行为 无障碍环境 影响机制 医疗服务设施 设施规划 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU981 |
| 基金项目:2022年度国家社科基金重大项目，无障碍环境建设研究，228ZD186 |
|
| Healthcare Travel Behavior and Its Determinants among People with Lower Limb Disabilities in Beijing |
|
Hou Yuting1, Gao Mengzhao2, Shao Lei1
|
|
1.Tsinghua University;2.Institute for Accessibility Development, Tsinghua University
|
| Abstract: |
| Based on 2,601 questionnaires on healthcare travel among the people with lower-limb disabilities in Beijing, along with spatial data on barrier-free medical facilities and bus stops, this study establishes an analytical framework of "travel behavior identification – spatial coverage assessment – impact mechanism analysis" to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of their healthcare travel. The findings indicate that healthcare trips among the people with lower-limb disabilities are characterized by high rigidity and medium-to-long distances, significantly influenced by individual factors such as age and degree of disability, as well as travel mode preferences. Distinct urban-suburban disparities are observed in both trip frequency and distance. Spatial analysis reveals a "center-periphery" pattern in the distribution of accessible public medical facilities, with insufficient connectivity between bus stops and medical facilities beyond the Fourth Ring Road, leading to limited mobility for suburban residents. Regression tests further validate the complex mechanisms through which individual and environmental factors influence healthcare travel among the people with lower-limb disabilities, highlighting the importance of facilities spatial planning and public transport connectivity. The study proposes optimizing the provision of primary medical facilities, improving the integration between public transport and medical facilities, and reducing the urban-suburban disparity in healthcare accessibility. |
| Key words: People with Lower Limb Disabilities Travel Behavior Accessible Environment Determinants Public Service Facilities Facilities Planning |
