| 摘要: |
| 城市人口减少，土地利用效率降低，低效用地增多等城市问题曾经是“东北现象”，但目前已经成为全国中小城市所面对的共性问题。本研究以齐齐哈尔市中心城区作为研究对象，针对代表城市的低效用地分布规律进行分析研究，并利用空间句法对人口收缩型城市低效用地空间分布特征进行量化解析，探索其分布规律。研究结果显示低效用地分布与区位具有明显相关性；低效用地集中分布于街区尺度和区域尺度标准化整合度双低的区域；低效用地所在区域空间效率要明显低于其他区域空间效率。提升空间聚集能力是改善低效用地的根本办法，未来空间规划方案应对空间尺度及空间效率进行综合评价以降低城市空间转变为低效空间的发生频率。 |
| 关键词: 低效用地,空间效率,分布特征,空间句法 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金 |
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| Research of Spatial Distribution for Inefficient-used Land basing on Space Syntax Taking Qiqihar as Example |
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Zhang Yuanjing1,2,3, Tian Xuejiao3
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1.ChinaInstituteof Urbanization,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,;2.Zhejiang University Urban Planning Design Institute,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,;3.Heilongjiang Urban Planning Surveying Design and Research Institute,Harbin
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| Abstract: |
| Three Eastern Provinces (Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning)?have experienced many problems,such as severe population loss, insufficient spatial vitality and low utilization of construction land in recent years. Nowadays，these issues have now become common challenges faced by small and medium-sized cities in China. It is necessary to explore and study the distribution of inefficient land use,which is helpful for understanding the causes of inefficient land use and the solutions.The purpose of the study is to make an inventory of the efficiency of land use in Qiqihaer as examples,the research has got information from field survey of inefficient-used land.Then the research study the character of spatial distribution for inefficient-used land by grid-like?patterns?and space Syntax . To study the distribution of inefficient land use in the central urban area of Qiqihar, a spatial integration axis model of the Qiqihar municipal area was established.This spatial integration model include space axes, inefficient land use, and other open data (such as POI data, Anjuke housing prices, and Dianping data).The study conducted multi-scale analysis through space syntax, selecting eight radii ranging from 500m, 800m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m, 3000m, 5000m, to 10000m, spanning from the block scale to the urban area scale.Within a radius of 2000m (excluding 2000m) is considered as the block scale, 2000-5000m (excluding 5000m) as the medium scale, and 5000m and above as the regional scale.By using space syntax to quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of inefficient land , the distribution patterns are explored in the research.By comparing the results of the commercial centrality grid analysis with superimposed POI data and the existing low-efficiency land use in the central urban area, it can be observed that only 5% of the low-efficiency lands are distributed in the central business district. Most of the low-efficiency lands are concentrated on the periphery of the central business district and the edge of the urban construction area.The comprehensive analysis results show that in the small-scale range (within 2000m), over 80% of the inefficiently used lands are distributed in spatial areas with lower integration in the central urban area. In the medium-scale range (2000-5000m), over 70% of the inefficiently used land is distributed in spatial areas with lower integration in the central urban area.In terms of scale range, the fit of the small-scale range is better than that of the medium-scale range.In terms of radius selection, the indicators for a block scale of 1500m and a regional scale of 5000m exhibit a good degree of fitting. Therefore, 1500m and 5000m are selected as two representative radii with good fitting. Overall, the characteristics of the choice indicator are not prominent in the mesoscale range.The results of multi-scale fitting analysis show that more than 80% of inefficient land is distributed in the central urban spatial areas with low community scale and regional scale standardized integration degree (Nain). This area is a low vitality urban space and a potential space for exploring inefficient land.Comparative analysis of single scale integration, choice, standardized choice, and standardized integration at different radius scales shows that multi-scale standardized integration has a higher degree of matching with inefficient land use.By comparing the spatial efficiency of the area where inefficient land is located with that of other spaces, it can be concluded that the average spatial efficiency matches the urban functions more closely than the extreme spatial efficiency.The spatial efficiency of areas with low efficiency land use in the central urban area of Qiqihar is lower than other areas in multiple radii.Under rare conditions, there is little difference in efficiency between the location of low efficiency land and non low efficiency land.Based on the distribution characteristics of inefficient land use, solutions for inefficient land use can include how to update and transform areas that have become inefficient land use.For newly planned areas, the advantages of spatial syntax quantification should be utilized to conduct targeted research and layout of land use at the edge of the central area through parameterized spatial analysis. Attention should be paid to land aggregation. road networks in the area should be encrypted to help prevent the occurrence of inefficient land use. For the gathering areas that have developed into inefficient land use, their space should be updated and decomposed, and the update plan should adjust the spatial relationship to ensure the improvement of the gathering capacity and spatial efficiency of the area, so that the update has substantial improvement.One of the methods to improve spatial clustering is to directly adjust its spatial relationships.The second method can enhance the attractiveness and clustering ability of the area by introducing clustering functions. Mixed functional formats can also promote connections between formats and enhance the gathering capacity of pedestrian and vehicular traffic in the region.It can also reduce the possibility of ordinary land developing into inefficient land. Both before and after adjustment, spatial syntax and quantitative spatial methods should be used for comprehensive calculation, providing parameterized basis for spatial adjustment and quantifying the degree of adjustment.Regularly measuring spatial relationships to ensure real-time monitoring of their spatial utilization benefits can be achieved by adding spatial relationship measurement functions to the national spatial planning platform. At the same time, it is recommended to incorporate the application of spatial syntax for spatial relationship evaluation into the formulation of land use conditions, and to conduct data-driven and accurate analysis of land use plans to ensure the highest spatial efficiency of land development plans in the region. |
| Key words: inefficient-used land space syntax multi-source data spatial distribution feature |
