| 摘要: |
| 快速城镇化背景下,历史城镇保护存在着片面单一,割断历史脉络的普遍问题。城市发展是动态变化的,城市历史景观作为城市发展过程中层积叠加的产物,为历史城镇保护提供了全新的视野。聚焦于城市历史景观形成的深层动力,以文化景观丰富多元的大同古城为例,从城市职能演变视角切入,通过文献梳理、实地调研和层积性分析,从时间、空间两个维度,逐层梳理职能演变背景下古城历时性的历史层积挖掘与共时性的历史文化景观要素特征识别,整合分散的历史景观要素的内在关联,揭示大同古城在不同时空背景下城市职能的动态演变对空间形态、街巷格局、历史建筑及文化内涵的深远影响。弥补大同古城文化遗产整体性价值评估的不足,为历史城镇历时性与共时性双重维度下遗产价值研究提供参考,为城市遗产保护与更新实践提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 城市历史景观 层积性 城市职能演变 大同古城 遗产保护 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984.2 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题一般项目（2025lslybkt-026） |
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| Analysis of Layering in the Historic Urban Landscapes of Datong Ancient City from the Perspective of Urban Function Evolution |
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FANXixuan, ChenZihui, LIShifen, Tanmeiwen
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Dalian University of Technology
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| Abstract: |
| The Historic Urban Landscape represents the crystallization of human history and cultural accumulation. It reflects the specific geographical environment and social development process, while embodying the distinctive cultural and natural values formed during urban evolution. In the context of rapid urbanization, this theory offers a valuable new perspective for the sustainable development of historic cities. By integrating heritage conservation into the broader framework of urban development, it aims to consolidate local characteristics, enhance the human living environment, and promote the synergistic evolution of culture and landscape. As a key theoretical approach in the field of cultural heritage protection, the Historic Urban Landscape emphasizes enhancing the sustainability of space through social, cultural, and economic dimensions. By analyzing the temporal evolution and complex spatial relationships of historical urban cultural heritage, it provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the conservation of historical cities with profound historical heritage and grand spatial layout.
Historic cities were initially constrained by geographic location and natural resources. Over time, however, political, economic, and other socio-cultural factors increasingly influenced their development, driving the evolution of commercial, industrial, and military functions, which in turn shaped the city's spatial structure and landscape characteristics. The maturation of urban functions has led to greater diversification among cities, while the decline of traditional urban functions has resulted in the shrinkage and abandonment of historic landscapes. Therefore, focusing on the underlying driving forces behind the formation of historical urban landscapes, this study selects Datong Ancient City—renowned for its rich and diverse cultural landscapes—as a case study. From the perspective of urban functional evolution, the research adopts a combination of literature review, field investigation, and layered analysis to systematically explore the diachronic historical stratification and synchronic identification of historical and cultural landscape elements within the ancient city across both temporal and spatial dimensions. This approach aims to deepen our understanding of how Datong Ancient City’s key functional transformations, from its origins as a border town, development into a regional political and educational center, military stronghold, and commercial core to its revival under the impact of modern industrialization, have shaped the layered characteristics of its historical landscape.
From a diachronic perspective, this paper systematically reviews the evolution trajectories of the urban spatial forms, patterns, and key landscape elements of Datong Ancient City under the drive of its dominant functions in various historical periods. It further clarifies the interrelationship between urban development and functional transformation. In the synchronic dimension, the contemporary Datong Ancient City is placed within the complete urban historical context, integrating the intrinsic connections of scattered historical landscape elements. It analyzes the dynamic evolution and layered logic of the city from multiple dimensions, including physical space, social culture, ecological sustainability, as well as the authenticity and sustainability of heritage. Ultimately, this research constructs a layered development map of the historical urban landscape of Datong Ancient City, along with a systematic framework for identifying and classifying its landscape elements.
This system not only helps to reveal the composition mechanism of the cultural landscape of the ancient city, but also deepens the understanding of the nature of the “layering” of the urban historical landscape (HUL), and provides an operable basis for the protection and renewal of urban heritage nowadays. Especially in the context of the increasingly prominent conflict between contemporary urban renewal and historical preservation, this study emphasizes the perspective of the coupling of "function and landscape", which is conducive to finding a balanced path among historical authenticity, spatial integrity and the continuity of life. The findings contribute theoretical support and practical guidance for the future zonation protection, gradual renewal, functional reshaping and public participation of Datong Ancient City. They promote the continuation of cultural layers and the sustainable development of urban heritage. It makes up for the deficiency of the overall value assessment of the cultural heritage of Datong Ancient City. Furthermore, this study provides a reference for the research on the heritage value of historical towns under the dual dimensions of diachronic and synchronic, and offers a theoretical basis for the practice of urban heritage protection and renewal. |
| Key words: Historic Urban Landscape Layer Evolution of urban functions Datong ancient city Heritage preservation |
