| 摘要: |
| 舒适的室外环境与室内环境一样,能够提升老年人群生活质量、改善老年人群身心健康,而城市空间形态是影响室外环境性能的重要因素之一。为了挖掘城市空间形态与老年人室外环境间的交互作用。本文利用Rhino/Grasshopper参数化平台,构建以“形态生成-性能评估-形态优化”为框架的性能驱动工作流,以北京121处老年人街区调研数据为基础,建立参数化街区形态生成模型。以最大化冬季行人UTCI、最小化夏季行人UTCI、最大化日照时长为目标函数,利用Wallacei插件进行多目标优化,收集“形态-环境”对应数据集,利用可解释性机器学习算法XGBoost(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)挖掘变量间的非线性关系。结果显示,空间形态优化对环境性能提升具有显著影响:能促进夏季老年人UTCI的形态指标有SC、SA、SV；抑制夏季老年人UTCI的形态指标有AH、AV、MA和FAR；能促进冬季老年人UTCI的形态指标有AH、VAR、FAR；抑制冬季老年人UTCI的形态指标有SC和PO；能促进老年人日照时长的形态指标在模型中不明显；抑制老年人日照时长的形态指标有AH、MA和FAR。研究结果对影响环境性能的形态指标进行了识别,对适老化街区形态布局提供了早期设计决策,减少了后期环境性能优化改造成本,改善了老年人室外环境,提升了老年人群生活品质,促进了老年人群身心健康发展。 |
| 关键词: 适老化街区形态 室外环境性能 多目标优化 XGboost |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the "morphology-environment" optimization and impact mechanism of age-friendly neighborhoods based on genetic algorithms and XGBoost |
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yangxin, qizizhuo, zhanglu, jiangling
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north China university of technology
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| Abstract: |
| The comfortable outdoor environment, similar to the indoor one, can enhance the quality of life and improve the physical and mental health of the elderly. Urban spatial morphology is one of the crucial factors influencing the performance of the outdoor environment. To explore the interaction between urban spatial morphology and the outdoor environment for the elderly, this paper employs the Rhino/Grasshopper parametric platform to construct a performance-driven workflow framed by "morphology generation - performance evaluation - morphology optimization". Based on the survey data of 121 elderly street districts in Beijing, a parametric street district morphology generation model is established. With the objective functions of maximizing winter pedestrian UTCI, minimizing summer pedestrian UTCI, and maximizing sunlight duration, multi-objective optimization is conducted using the Wallacei plugin, and the "morphology - environment" corresponding dataset is collected. The nonlinear relationships among variables are explored using the interpretable machine learning algorithm XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting). The results indicate that spatial morphology optimization has a significant influence on the improvement of environmental performance: the morphological indicators that promote the summer UTCI of the elderly include SC, SA, and SV; the morphological indicators that inhibit the summer UTCI of the elderly are AH, AV, MA, and FAR; the morphological indicators that promote the winter UTCI of the elderly are AH, VAR, and FAR; the morphological indicators that inhibit the winter UTCI of the elderly are SC and PO; the morphological indicators that promote the sunlight duration of the elderly are not evident in the model; the morphological indicators that inhibit the sunlight duration of the elderly are AH, MA, and FAR. The research findings identify the morphological indicators affecting environmental performance, offer early design decisions for the layout of elder-friendly street districts, reduce the cost of environmental performance optimization and transformation in the later stage, improve the outdoor environment for the elderly, enhance the quality of life of the elderly population, and promote the healthy development of the physical and mental health of the elderly. |
| Key words: Age-friendly neighborhoods morphology Outdoor environmental performance multi-objective optimization XGboost |
