| 摘要: |
| 小城镇是实现乡村产业振兴的重要支点，探索“产业-空间”格局的时空特征与组织机制是推进镇村产业协同发展的重要基础。以武汉主城区周边镇村产业为研究对象，以高德2012-2019年全量POI数据为研究样本，采用核密度分析、趋势面分析、最近邻分析、空间均衡分析等方法综合研判镇村“产业-空间”的时空分布差异特征，并采用双重差分和地理探测器模型对于影响因素进行验证。结果表明：①研究期内武汉镇村产业发生规模性扩增、且扩增速度逐年增速，空间分布由“散点集聚”状分布转变为由内向外的“圈层组团”分布特征；②总体层面的武汉镇村产业呈现出“凝聚型”的分布状态且趋于稳定；③街道层面的武汉镇村产业呈现出集中分布的态势，且非均衡特征初显。进一步探讨武汉镇村产业时空差异的组织机制，发现政策环境是镇村产业分布的催化动力，市场环境与设施环境是镇村产业分布的支撑动力。 |
| 关键词: 镇村产业 时空分布 地域格局 双重差分法 地理探测器 武汉市 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984 、F327 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金：大都市地区小城镇“非均衡收缩”的特征、机制与规划应对 ——以武汉市为例（51878306）;基于CAS理论的大都市地区镇村“功能-空间”协同组织模式——以武汉市为例（52108052） |
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| The spatio-temporal characteristics and organizational mechanism of the "industry-space" pattern in towns and villages——Take Wuhan as an example |
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XU Lige,FAN Zaiyu,GENG Hong,QIAO Jing
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| Abstract: |
| Small towns are an important fulcrum for achieving the revitalization of rural industries. Therefore, exploring the spatiotemporal characteristics and organizational mechanisms of the "industry-space" pattern is an important foundation for promoting the coordinated development of towns and villages’ industries. Among many cities, Wuhan takes the lead in paying continuous attention to and giving policies support to the towns and villages’ industries, so that they can gain the first-mover advantage. In the context of urban expansion and the intensified flow of factors, these towns and villages’ industries are facing the important task of functional transformation and income creation. The towns and villages’ industries in Wuhan metropolitan area is interrelated with multiple levels, which not only serves the vast rural areas, but also continuously extends its functions to the urban area, forming a unique spatiotemporal organization model and development path, so it is a typical representative. This study takes the industries of towns and villages surrounding the main urban area of Wuhan as the research object, and using the POI data of Gaode Map from 2012 to 2019 as the sample. Methods such as kernel density analysis, trend surface analysis, nearest neighbor analysis, and spatial equilibrium analysis were used to comprehensively study the spatiotemporal distribution differences of the "industry-space" in towns and villages. The influencing factors were verified using differences-in-differences and geographical detectors. The results indicate that: ① During the research period, Wuhan towns and villages’ industries experienced large-scale expansion, and the expansion rate increased year by year. The spatial distribution changed from "scattered cluster" to "circle cluster" characteristic from inside to outside. Each cluster presents a spindle-type structure with significant linear extension. On the whole, the towns and villages’ industries of each street showed non-synchronous and non-uniform growth; ② On the overall level, the industries in Wuhan towns and villages shows a "cohesive" distribution state and tends to stabilize. On the one hand, such a distribution can maximize the use of the limited resources, and on the other hand, it can also reach the threshold of economies of scale by mutual assistance and cooperation to maximize economic benefits; ③ The industries in Wuhan towns and villages at the street level show a concentrated distribution trend, and the imbalanced characteristics are beginning to emerge. Such a trend indicates that the towns and villages’ industries are concentrated in a few streets, and the streets in the weak location are difficult to absorb more industries in the competition, and the Matthew effect of the towns and villages’ industries layout begins to appear. Further exploring the organizational mechanism of the spatiotemporal differences of industries in towns and villages in Wuhan, it was found that the policy environment, market environment and facility environment affect the spatiotemporal distribution of town and village industries to different degrees. It can be summarized as follows. The policy environment is the catalytic driving force for the distribution of industries in towns and villages, while the market environment and facility environment are the supporting forces for the distribution of industries in towns and villages. Specifically, the former is manifested in the fact that all kinds of favorable agricultural policies clearly point out the problems in the quantity and scale of various agricultural product processing enterprises, and put forward the industrial parks pattern and the linkage pattern of towns and villages, so as to incline all resources to the key agricultural areas and promote the spatial pattern with characteristics. The latter shows that the secondary and tertiary industries have greatly accelerated in the process of Wuhan's urbanization, providing a solid foundation for the modernization of towns and villages’ industries. At the same time, government departments also actively provide funds and training services, promoting the differentiation of towns and villages industrial patterns. In terms of transportation facilities, the distribution of towns and villages’ industries has changed from dependence on high-grade transportation facilities to dependence on logistics networks. In order to further promote the revitalization of towns and villages’ industries, the study believes that at the level of policy and system, we should fully tap the surplus capacity of township industries, accelerate the process of enterprises entering the industrial parks, and help industrial entities overcome the difficulties of transformation. At the level of economic environment development, actively excavate the gaps and shortcomings of the industrial chain within the metropolitan area, sort out and construct the division of labor system between the towns and villages’ industries and the transfer enterprises in the central urban area. At the level of transportation facilities construction, improve and make up for the shortcomings of logistics, further enhance the production and service functions of towns and villages industries, and promote their scale effect and radiation effect. |
| Key words: Towns and villages' industries The patio-temporal distribution Regional pattern Differences-in-Differences Geographical detectors Wuhan |
